![]() ![]() The price of electricity to run an electric vehicle is a small fraction of the cost of fuel for equivalent internal combustion engines, reflecting higher energy efficiency.įlooded lead-acid batteries are the oldest, cheapest, and, in the past, most common vehicle batteries available. As of 2018, vehicles with over 250 mi (400 km) of all-electric range, such as the Tesla Model S, are available. As of December 2019, the cost of electric vehicle batteries has fallen 87% since 2010 on a per kilowatt-hour basis. Growth in the industry has generated interest in securing ethical battery supply chains, which presents many challenges and has become an important geopolitical issue. The battery makes up a significant portion of the cost and environmental impact of an electric vehicle. Other types of rechargeable batteries used in electric vehicles include lead–acid, nickel-cadmium, nickel–metal hydride, and others. Unlike earlier battery chemistries, notably nickel-cadmium, lithium-ion batteries can be discharged and recharged daily and at any state of charge. Compared to liquid fuels, most current battery technologies have much lower specific energy, and this often impacts the maximum range of all-electric vehicles. Smaller, lighter batteries are desirable because they reduce the weight of the vehicle and therefore improve its performance. Nissan Leaf cutaway showing part of the battery in 2009Īn electric vehicle battery ( EVB, also known as a traction battery) is a rechargeable battery used to power the electric motors of a battery electric vehicle (BEV) or hybrid electric vehicle (HEV).Įlectric vehicle batteries differ from starting, lighting, and ignition (SLI) batteries, as they are typically lithium-ion batteries that are designed for high power-to-weight ratio and energy density. ![]() ![]() For the starting, lighting and ignition system battery of an automobile, see Automotive battery. ![]()
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